Key Difference: Sterilization refers to the process of eliminating all microbial growth from the surface of any object. Sanitization is the process of cleaning something or reducing the amount of microbial life on a particular product.

The terms sanitization and sterilization are terms that are found in cleaning. These terms are often confusing for many people as they are used interchangeably. However, both of these words are actually different from each other.

Sterilization refers to the process of eliminating all microbial growth from the surface of any object. The process of sterilization kills all forms of microbial life, including fungi, spores, viruses and bacteria.

Sterilization can be done to surfaces of solid objects as well as liquids. Sterilization is done using various methods such as applying heat, irradiation, chemicals and applying high pressure. Sterilization can be dated back to Nicolas Appert, who is also credited with discovering the process of preservation of food.

Sanitization is the process of cleaning something or reducing the amount of microbial life on a particular product. The term is defined by the Free Dictionary as, “to make something sanitary or hygienic.” While, some definitions suggest that sanitization is only limited to cleaning, other definitions claim that it also includes disinfecting. Disinfecting is the process of removing bacteria off surfaces.

Comparison between Sterilization and Sanitization:

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