Difference between RAM and SRAM

Key Difference: RAM stands for Random Access Memory. SRAM stands for Static Random Access Memory. RAM is a volatile type of memory which is the most basic form of memory used in computer systems. SRAM is a type of RAM which holds its content until power is connected. It does not required to be refreshed regularly like DRAM. SRAM is expensive than DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is a volatile type of memory which means that it loses data when the power is disconnected. Data is carried via data input and output lines. The read and write operations take place very quickly. RAM contains data as well as process instructions only for some temporary time until CPU requires it.

It is termed as ‘random access type of memory’, as one can access any memory cell directly by having information of the row and column which intersect at that cell. It is composed of semiconductor material and is made in electronic chips. These chips are mounted in small circuit boards which get installed in the PC’s motherboard. In the form of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), it works as the main memory of a computer.

RAM is mainly of two types – DRAM and SRAM. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) makes use of a capacitor, whereas SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) makes use of cross coupled inverters.

SRAM is generally formed by using CMOS technology with six transistors. Two cross coupled inverters store information just like in the case of a flip flop. Two additional transistors are required for the access control. Standby, reading and writing are three states of an SRAM-cell. The system is inherently synchronous. Internal Design of SRAM is generally complex than in comparison to DRAM. SRAM has quick access time than in comparison to DRAM. SRAM is generally used inside processors like the Pentium. SRAM’s are expensive than DRAM.

Apart from SRAM and DRAM, there are some other types of RAMS also –

EDO (Extended Data Output) RAM – It stores 256 bytes of data information into latches.
SDRAM (Synchronous DRAMS) – it makes use of the same clock rate which is used by the CPU.
DD-SDRAM (Double Data Rate - SDRAM) – This RAM moves data on both edges of the clock.

Comparison between RAM and SRAM:

	RAM	SRAM
Full Form	Random Access Memory	Static Random Access Memory
Definition	It is a volatile type of memory which means that it loses data when the power is disconnected. Data is carried via data input and output lines.	SRAM is a type of RAM. SRAM is formed from internal latches by using six transistors per bit. The system is inherently synchronous.
Cost	DRAM memories are inexpensive. SRAM memories are expensive.	SRAM memories are expensive.
Application	RAM is used by both OS and application software.	used for high-speed registers, caches and relatively small memory banks such as a frame buffer on a display adapter.
Example	Mac computers generally have between 128 and 512 MB of RAM.	IBM Microelectonics’ PC compatible SRAMS are usually sold in 52 pin PLCC or 100 pin TQFP packages.
Advantages	It is the most basic and standard form of computer memory. It can inhibit the speed and performance of a computer on the Web. It helps in the fast start up and fast shutdown of the computer.	it is quick, easy to control, and integrated in the chip. it is quite fast because no bus is needed like in DRAM.